🔙 ROLLBACK Command in SQL

Last Updated: January 2026

The ROLLBACK command is a TCL (Transaction Control Language) command used to undo changes made in the current transaction.

👉 It restores the database to the last committed state.

  • Cancels INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE changes
  • Reverts data to previous state
  • Ends the current transaction
  • Works only before COMMIT

Hinglish Tip 🗣: Agar changes galat ho jaayein aur unhe cancel karna ho, tab ROLLBACK use hota hai.

Basic ROLLBACK

ROLLBACK;

ROLLBACK with DML (Concept Flow)

START TRANSACTION;

UPDATE employees SET salary = 60000 WHERE emp_id = 2;
DELETE FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 3;

ROLLBACK;

After ROLLBACK:

  • Salary update ❌
  • Delete operation ❌
  • Data returns to last COMMIT state

⚠️ Important Points About ROLLBACK

  • Cannot undo COMMIT
  • Does not work on DDL commands
  • Clears current transaction
  • Requires transaction-supported engine
← PreviousNext →