Some More Useful inbuilt Functions.

Last Updated: 02th September 2025

print()

  • Prints the given object to the console.
  • sep parameter is used to specify the separator between the objects.
  • end parameter is used to specify the end character.
  • file parameter is used to specify the file to write the output to.
print("Hello, World!")
print("Hello", "World!", sep=" - ")
print("Hello", "World!", end=" ")
print("Hello", "World!", file=open("output.txt", "w"))

input()

  • Gets input from the user.
  • prompt parameter is used to specify the prompt message.
  • end parameter is used to specify the end character.
name = input("Enter your name: ", end=" ")
print("Hello", name)

eval()

  • Evaluates the given string expression and returns the result.
  • Not recommended for user input.
result = eval("10 + 40")
print(result)  # 50

abs()

  • Returns the absolute value of the given number.
print(abs(-10))  # 10

round()

  • Returns the rounded value of the given number.
  • ndigits parameter is used to specify the number of digits to round to.
print(round(3.14))  # 3
print(round(3.49))  # 3
print(round(3.51))  # 4
print(round(3.14, 2))  # 3.14
print(round(3.14159, 2))  # 3.14

all()

  • Returns True if all elements of the given iterable are Truthy value.
print(all([True, True, True]))  # True
print(all([True, False, True]))  # False
print(all([1,,3,0]))  # False
print(all([]))  # True

any()

  • Returns True if any element of the given iterable is Truthy value.
print(any([True, True, True]))  # True
print(any([True, False, True]))  # True
print(any([1,,3,0]))  # True
print(any([]))  # False

reversed()

  • Returns a reversed iterator object.
  • iterable parameter is used to specify the iterable to reverse.
print(list(reversed([1, 2, 3])))  # [3, 2, 1]
print(tuple(reversed((1, 2, 3))))  # (3, 2, 1)
print(set(reversed({1, 2, 3})))  # {3, 2, 1}
print(dict(reversed({"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3})))  # {'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'a': 1}

enumerate()

  • Give the index of each element in the iterable.
  • start parameter is used to specify the starting index.
print(list(enumerate([1, 2, 3])))  # [(0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3)]
print(list(enumerate([1, 2, 3], start=1)))  # [(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)]

zip()

  • Returns a zip object.
  • Merges multiple iterables into a single iterator object.
print(list(zip([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])))  # [(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)]
names = ["A", "B", "C"]
scores = [90, 80, 70]
print(list(zip(names, scores)))
# Output: [('A', 90), ('B', 80), ('C', 70)]

max() & min()

  • Returns the maximum or minimum value of the given iterable.
  • key parameter is used to specify the key function.
print(max([1, 2, 3]))  # 3
print(min([1, 2, 3]))  # 1
words = ["python", "AI", "datascience"]
print(max(words, key=len))  # datascience
print(min(words, key=len))  # AI

sum()

  • Returns the sum of the given iterable.
  • start parameter is used to specify the starting value.
print(sum([1, 2, 3]))  # 6
print(sum([1, 2, 3], start=10))  # 16

help()

  • Displays the documentation for the given object.
help(print)

dir()

  • Returns a list of the names of the attributes and methods of the given object.
print(dir([1, 2, 3]))  # ['append', 'clear', 'copy', 'count', 'extend', 'index', 'insert', 'pop', 'remove', 'reverse', 'sort']
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