Pie & Donut Chart in Plotly

Last Updated: 08 Nov 2025

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• Pie charts show proportions of a whole — perfect for market share, budget breakdown, survey results, or category distribution.
• Donut = Pie with a hole in the center — looks modern & allows center text.

Hinglish Tip: Pie chart = "total ka hissa" — jaise pizza ke slices!. Donut = Pizza with hole — center mein total ya label daal sakte ho.

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Basic Pie Chart

import plotly.express as px

# Sample data
labels = ['Rent', 'Food', 'Transport', 'Entertainment', 'Savings']
values = [30000, 15000, 8000, 5000, 12000]

fig = px.pie(names=labels, values=values, title="Monthly Budget")
fig.show()

Key Parameters in px.pie()

Parameter	Values / Examples	Purpose
names	List or column	Category labels
values	List or column	Size of each slice
color_discrete_sequence	px.colors.qualitative.Set3	Custom colors
hole	0.4 (0 = pie, >0 = donut)	Make it a donut chart
title	String	Chart title
labels	'names': 'Category'	Rename legend
hover_data	['extra']	Extra info on hover
textinfo	'label+percent', 'value'	What to show on slice
textposition	'inside', 'outside'	Label placement

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Full Example

import plotly.express as px
import pandas as pd

# Sample data
df = pd.DataFrame({
    'Category': ['Marketing', 'Development', 'Sales', 'HR', 'Support'],
    'Budget': [25000, 40000, 18000, 12000, 10000]
})

fig = px.pie(
    df,
    names='Category',
    values='Budget',
    hole=0.5,  # Donut!
    title='Annual Department Budget',
    color_discrete_sequence=px.colors.qualitative.Pastel,
    labels={'Budget': 'Amount (₹)'}
)

# Customize labels on slices
fig.update_traces(
    textinfo='percent+label',
    textposition='inside',
    hovertemplate='<b>%{label}</b><br>₹%{value:,.0f}<br>%{percent}'
)

# Add center text
fig.update_layout(
    annotations=[
        dict(
            text='₹105K<br><sub>Total Budget</sub>',
            x=0.5, y=0.5,
            font_size=16,
            showarrow=False
        )
    ],
    legend_title="Department",
    font=dict(size=12)
)

fig.show()

Hinglish Tip: hole=0.5 + annotations → center mein total dikhao — report mein pro lagta hai!

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Simple Pie with Pull-Out Slice

fig = px.pie(
    df, names='Category', values='Budget',
    title='Highlight Largest Slice'
)

# Pull out the largest slice
fig.update_traces(pull=[0.1, 0, 0, 0, 0])  # 10% pull on first slice
fig.show()

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Donut with Custom Colors & Outside Labels

colors = ['#ff9999', '#66b3ff', '#99ff99', '#ffcc99', '#c2c2f0']

fig = px.pie(
    df, names='Category', values='Budget',
    hole=0.4,
    color_discrete_sequence=colors,
    title='Donut with Outside Labels'
)

fig.update_traces(textposition='outside', textinfo='label+percent')
fig.update_layout(showlegend=False)
fig.show()

Hinglish Tip: textposition='outside' → labels overlap nahi honge — clean for small screens!

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Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake	Fix
Too many slices → messy	Limit to 5–7 categories. Group small ones into "Others"
No % on slice	Use textinfo='percent+label'
Labels overlap	Use textposition='outside' or increase hole
No total in donut	Add annotations in center
Can't export image	Install kaleido: pip install -U kaleido

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