🧮 Introduction to NumPy

Last Updated: 02 Nov 2025

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• NumPy (Numerical Python) is a powerful Python library used for numerical and scientific computing. It provides multi-dimensional arrays and fast mathematical operations on them.
• Python lists are like normal boxes, then NumPy arrays are like super-fast containers that handle big data easily (used in Data Science, ML, AI, etc.).
• It is fast because it uses C and C++ under the hood.

🗣 Hinglish Tip: “Python list har element ko alag handle karta hai, par NumPy ek hi type ke saare data ko ek saath handle karta hai — isliye fast hota hai!”

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Install NumPy

Before using, install it in your system.

pip install numpy

Import numpy in your script

import numpy as np

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NumPy Data Types

NumPy supports numerical data types like integers, floats, complex numbers, and booleans.

Symbol	Meaning	Example	Description
b	Boolean	bool_	True or False
i	Signed integer	i1, i2, i4, i8	e.g. i4 = 4 bytes = int32
u	Unsigned integer	u1, u2, u4, u8	Only positive values
f	Floating point	f2, f4, f8	e.g. f8 = float64
c	Complex floating point	c8, c16	Complex numbers
m	Time delta	m8[ns]	Difference between dates
M	Datetime	M8[D], M8[ns]	Date/time data
U,str_	Unicode string	U21	String (21 characters wide)
S	Byte string	S10	String (10 bytes)
O	Object	object	Python objects or mixed types

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